Analysis of Coverage Region for MIMO Relay Network with Multiple Cooperative DF-Relays

We study and analyze coverage region in MIMO communication systems for a multiple-relay network with decode-and-forward (DF) strategy at the relays. Assuming that there is a line-of-sight (LOS) propagation environment for source-relay channels and channel state information is available at receivers (CSIR), we consider the objective of maximizing coverage region for a given transmission rate and show numerically the significant effect of propagation environment on capacity bounds, optimal relay location and coverage region. Also, we study the situation in which two adjacent relays cooperate in transmission signals to the destination and show analytically that the coverage region is extended compared to noncooperative scenario.Comment: Accepted for publication in International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS) 201

Comparative evaluation of Artaderm (herbal alcoholic extracts ointment) and cod liver oil ointment on healing process in burn of the second degree in Rat

Introduction: The treatment of skin burning is one of the most important problems in medical sciences. Burns are divided into 3 degrees and each degree has different damage and effects on skin and other related tissues. Many efforts have been applied by clinicians to manage wound healing through the use of genes, cytokines, chemokines and surgery. Some involved mechanisms in the process are local tissue hypo perfusion, edema, prolonged inflammation, hypercoagulability, free radical damage and accumulation of cytotoxic cytokines. Methods and Results: Twenty-six female laboratory Wistar rats weighing 200-250 grams obtained, and all the rats were kept in controlled temperature of 23-25 ºC and light period of 12-hours lightening and 12-hours darkness. Due to make burns after rats’ general anesthesia Ketamine (40 mg/kg) and Xylazine (5 mg/kg) by Intraperitoneal (IP) method was performed, after shaving of rats, a brass metal piece 1.4 cm × 3 mm thickness with 100 ºC was kept on back of rats for 15 seconds and it was made similar deep second-degree burns. No significant difference was found among four groups regarding the primary wound surface area. The rats randomly were separated into 4 groups each one consisting of 6 rats. In the control group the burn injury only was covered with sterile gauze, Artaderm ointment group, cod liver oil group, Eucerin group. The injury area was covered with sterile gauze bandage and this process continued for 21 days. On the 0, 7th, 14th and 21st day of the experiment, tissue samples were taken under anesthesia from predetermined areas from all subjects in all groups. Wounds were daily examined for any changes in appearance of wounds, the color, and smell of any discharge and time of scar separation. Conclusions: Statistical comparison of the burn area of study groups on days 7-14 and 21 post-burn, showed a significant difference (p< 0.05) between the control group and other groups. The best results obtained from the group treated by Artaderm. According to studies, pathology quickly restored with Artaderm. Cell repair in the treated group by Artaderm herbal ointment was significant compared to other groups after staining with H&E. Finally, Artaderm successfully demonstrated its therapeutic effect in terms of healing the wounds

The effects of Hydroalcolic extract of Cyperus rotundus on nociception in diabetic rat

Background and Aim: Hyperalgesiua is a symptom of neuropathy due to diabetes. The present study aimed at investigating . antineurologic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cyperus Rotundus in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the rats were randomly divided into seven equal groups i.e. control, Cyperus Rotundus treated control (dose 100mg/kg), diabetic, diabetic receiving sodium salicylate (dose 200 mg/kg) , ., and 3 more diabetic groups peritoneally receiving . Cyperus Rotundus extract doses of 1mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 100mg/kg, respectively. The injections. were performed one week after diabetes induction for two weeks. Then, thermoalgesia rate in the subjects was assessed using formalin, acetic acid, and tail immersion of the rats in hot water. Results: Cyperus rotundus extract significantly reduced both phases of formalin-induced pain in a dose-dependent manner of 10mg/kg and 100mg/kg followed by a significant decrease of antineuragia (P<0.001 and P<0.01, repectively) . In the hot water tail immersion test, the treatment of the dose-dependent extract was followed by a significant increase in tail immersion latency in hot water compared to non- treated diabetic group (P<0.1 , P<0.05 and P<0.00, respectively1). In the acetic acid test. treatment with dose-dependent extract decreased the number of abdominal compressions compared to the control and non- treated diabetic groups. Conclusion: Administration of Cyperus rotundus extract for 2 weeks .increased thermoalgia tolerance and reducedchemical pain in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus rats . Thus, this administration can act as an auxiliary treatment for diabetic hyperalgesia

Spatially Coupled LDPC Codes with Small Constraint Length and Low Error Floor

In this letter, we design time-invariant spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes with small constraint length and low error floor. For this, we modify the codes in the literature that have (close to) minimal constraint length for a given degree distribution and girth, to improve their error floor. This is performed by eliminating (or minimizing the multiplicity of) some of the dominant trapping sets (TSs) of the codes and/or increasing the minimum distance. To reduce the multiplicity of the TSs effectively and efficiently, we devise a technique based on the parent/child relationship between TSs that aims at successively minimizing the multiplicity of TSs depending on their harmfulness

Does adding a cardia biopsy improve gastric intestinal metaplasia detection rate by the Sydney system protocol?

Background: The Sydney system offers a standard biopsy protocol for detection and follow-up of gastric preneoplastic lesions such as intestinal metaplasia (IM). The highest frequency of cardia-type gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) in Iran has been documented in the north-western part of the country. This study aims to investigate the effect of the addition of mucosal biopsies of gastric cardia to the standard Sydney protocol on the rate of detection of IM in the asymptomatic residents of this high-risk region for proximal gastric cancer. Methods: A retrospective new analysis was performed on the previous data obtained in cross-sectional endoscopic screening in 2000 as well as a biopsy study of 508 asymptomatic volunteer residents in Meshkinshahr district, Ardabil province. The screening study was conducted in a group of residents aged 40 years and older who did not have any previous GI or hemodynamic problems. Results: Intestinal metaplasia at the Sydney protocol sampling sites was detected in 107 samples belonging to 76 of the 508 (14.99%) volunteers. Twenty-one patients had IM at the cardia. Of these, five patients had IM-cardia (IM only at the cardia). Therefore, adding a cardia biopsy to the set of biopsies diagnosed five more IM cases which were not diagnosed on the standard Sydney protocol (P=0.062). Conclusion: The addition of a biopsy from the cardia to the Sydney protocol biopsy set does not seem to improve the frequency of detection of IM in the residents of this high-risk geographic area for proximal gastric carcinoma